Previous Page  163 / 236 Next Page
Information
Show Menu
Previous Page 163 / 236 Next Page
Page Background

III Transactions eliminated on consolidation

Intragroup balances and transactions and any gains arising from

intragroup transactions are eliminated in preparing the consolidated

financial statements. Gains arising from transactions with jointly

controlled entities are eliminated to the extent of the Group’s interest

in the entities. Losses are eliminated in the same way as gains, but

only to the extent that there is no evidence of impairment.

A list of the Group companies is included in Note 43 to the consoli-

dated financial accounts.

D. Goodwill and business combinations

When the Group takes control of an integrated combination of

activities and assets corresponding to the definition of a business

according to IFRS 3 - “Business combinations”, the assets, liabilities

and contingent liabilities of the business acquired are recorded at

their fair value at the acquisition date. The goodwill represents the

positive difference between the acquisition costs (excluding acqui-

sition-related costs), plus any minority interests, and the fair value

of the acquired net assets. If this difference is negative (“negative

goodwill”), it is immediately recorded on the income statement after

confirmation of the values.

After its initial recording, the goodwill is not amortised but submitted

to an impairment test realised at least every year on the cash-gen-

erating units to which the goodwill was allocated. If the book value

of a cash-generating unit exceeds its value in use, the resulting

writedown is recorded on the income statement and first allocated

in reduction of the possible goodwill and then to the other assets of

the unit, proportionally to their book value. An impairment booked on

goodwill is not written back during a subsequent year.

In accordance with IFRS 3, the goodwill can be set temporarily at the

acquisition and adjusted within the 12 following months.

In the event of the disposal of a cash-generating unit, the amount of

goodwill that is allocated to this unit is included in the determination

of the gain or loss on the disposal.

E. Translation of foreign currencies

I Foreign entities

There is no subsidiary whose financial statements are denominated in

a currency other than the euro at the closing date.

II Foreign currency transactions

Foreign currency transactions are recognised initially at exchange

rates prevailing at the date of the transaction. At closing, monetary

assets and liabilities denominated in foreign currencies are trans-

lated at the then prevailing currency rate. Gains and losses resulting

from the settlement of foreign currency transactions and from the

translation of monetary assets and liabilities denominated in foreign

currencies are included on the income statement as financial income

or financial charges.

F. Derivative financial instruments

The Group uses derivative financial instruments (Interest Rate

Swaps, purchase of CAP options, sale of FLOOR options) to hedge its

exposure to interest rate risks arising from its operational, financing

and investment activities. For more details about derivative financial

instruments, see Note 24.

Derivative financial instruments are recognised initially at cost and

are revalued at their fair value at subsequent reporting dates.

The fair value of Interest Rate Swaps, CAP options, FLOOR options and

other derivative instruments is the estimated amount the Group would

receive or pay to close the position at the closing date, taking into

account the then prevailing spot and forward interest rates, the value

of the option and the creditworthiness of the counterparties.

Revaluation is carried out for all derivative products on the basis

of the same assumptions as to rate curve and volatility using an

application of the independent provider of market data Bloomberg.

This revaluation is compared with the one given by the banks, and any

significant discrepancy between the two revaluations is documented.

See also point W below.

The accounting treatment depends on the qualification of the deriva-

tive instrument as a hedging instrument and on the type of hedging.

A hedging relationship qualifies for hedge accounting if, and only if, all

the following conditions are met:

at the inception of the hedge, there is a formal designation and

documentation of the hedging relationship and the entity’s risk

management objective and strategy for undertaking the hedge;

the hedge is expected to be truly effective in offsetting changes in

the fair value or the cash flows attributable to the hedged risks;

the effectiveness of the hedge can be reliably measured;

the hedge is assessed on an ongoing basis and is highly effective

throughout the financial reporting periods for which the hedge was

designated.

I Fair value hedges

Where a derivative financial instrument hedges the exposure to

changes in the fair value of a recognised asset or liability or a unrec-

ognised firm commitment, or an identified portion of such an asset,

liability or firm commitment that is attributable to a particular risk, any

resulting gain or loss on the hedging instrument is recognised on the

income statement. The hedged item is also stated at its fair value for

the risk being hedged, with any gain or loss being recognised on the

income statement.

II Cash flow hedges

Where a derivative financial instrument hedges the exposure to

changes in cash flows that are attributable to a particular risk asso-

ciated with a recognised asset or liability, a firm commitment or a

highly likely forecasted transaction, the portion of the gain or loss on

the hedging instrument that is determined to be an effective hedge

is recognised directly under equity. The ineffective portion of the gain

or loss on the hedging instrument is immediately recognised on the

income statement.

When the firm commitment or the forecasted transaction subse-

quently results in the recognition of a financial asset or liability, the

associated gains or losses that were recognised directly under

equity are reclassified on the income statement in the same period or

periods during which the asset acquired or liability assumed affects

the income statement.

When a hedging instrument or hedge relationship is (partially) termi-

nated, the cumulative gain or loss at that point is (partially) recycled

on the income statement.

G. Investment properties

Investment properties are properties which are held to earn rental

income for the long term. In accordance with IAS 40, investment prop-

erties are stated at fair value.

External independent real estate experts determine the valuation of

the property portfolio every three months. Any gain or loss arising,

after the acquisition of a property, from a change in its fair value is

recognised on the income statement. Rental income from invest-

ment properties is accounted for as described under R. The real

estate experts carry out the valuation on the basis of the method of

calculating the present value of the rental income in accordance with

the “International Valuation Standards/RICS Valuation Standards”,

established by the International Valuation Standards Committee/

Royal Institute of Chartered Surveyors, as set out in the corresponding

report. This value, referred to hereafter as the “investment value”,

corresponds to the price that a third-party investor would be prepared

to pay in order to acquire each of the properties making up the port-

folio of assets and in order to benefit from their rental income while

assuming the related charges, without deduction of transfer taxes.

The disposal of an investment property is usually subject to the

payment to the public authorities of transfer taxes or VAT. A share of

transfer taxes is deducted by the experts from the investment value

of the investment properties to establish the fair value of the invest-

ment properties, as evidenced in their valuation report (see Note 21).

159